The signal-before-turn protocol is presented as two steps. How many steps are required?

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Understanding how many actions are defined in the signal-before-turn protocol helps you see why the count is a pair of steps. The protocol is described as a pair of actions performed in order: first signal your intention, then carry out the turn. Because it specifies two actions in sequence, the required steps are a pair. This setup ensures you communicate your intent to other road users before changing direction. If you tried to skip the signaling, you wouldn’t be following the protocol; if you added extra actions, you’d be expanding beyond what the protocol specifies.